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ERDC TN-DOER-C22
September 2001
suitable invertebrate test species, with Enchytraeus crypticus as a potential second candidate, the
latter particularly suitable for dredged materials with low organic matter contents. Of these four
species C. esculentus and E. fetida have been previously used as test species at the Environmental
Laboratory. Test protocols were further developed and streamlined, and collected data of several
fact-finding experiments evaluated. The experience will be used to perform and evaluate exposure-
based effects assessments of contaminants in terrestrial plants and animals, and to develop guidance
to standardize the interpretation of test results in risk assessment aimed at determining effective
long-term management strategies for CDFs.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT: The help of Mr. R. A. Price with the initial field survey is gratefully
acknowledged.
POINTS OF CONTACT: For additional information, contact Dr. Elly P. H. Best (601-634-4246,
Elly.P.Best@erdc.usace.army.mil) or the Program Manager of the Dredging Operations and Envi-
ronmental Research Program, Dr. Robert M. Engler (601-634-3624, Robert.M.Engler@erdc.
usace.army.mil). This technical note should be cited as follows:
Best, E. P. H., Tatem, H. E., Winfield, L., and Simmers, J. W. (2001). "Toxicological
and bioaccumulation testing of dredged material in confined diposal facilities using
plants and worms," DOER Technical Notes Collection (ERDC TN-DOER-C22), U.S.
Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS.
www.wes.army.mil/el/dots/doer
REFERENCES
American Society for Testing and Materials. (1998). "Standard guide for conducting laboratory soil toxicity or
bioaccumulation tests with the lumbricid earthworm Eisenia fetida," E 1676-97, Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Vol. 11.05, West Conshokocken, PA, 1056-1074.
Best, E.P.H., and Jacobs, F. H. H. (2001). "Production, nutrient availability, and elemental balances of two meadows
affected by different fertilization and water table regimes" (in press), Plant Ecol.
Borradaile, L. A, Potts, F. A., Eastham, L. E. S., and Saunders, J. T. (1961). The Invertebrata. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, UK.
Borror, D. J. , and DeLong, D. M. (1964). An Introduction to the study of insects. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New
York.
Chu, H. F. (1949). How to know the immature insects. William C. Brown, Dubuque, IA.
Folsom, B. L., and Houck, M. H. (1990). "A computerized procedure for predicting plant uptake of heavy metals from
contaminated freshwater dredged material," Environmental Effects of Dredging Technical Notes Collection (TN
EEDP-04-12), U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
Folsom, B. L., and Price, R. A.(1989). "A plant bioassay for assessing plant uptake of heavy metals from contaminated
freshwater dredged material," Environmental Effects of Dredging Technical Notes Collection (TN EEDP-04-11),
U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
Folsom, B. L., Davis, B. E., and Houghton, N. J. (1988). "Heavy metal uptake by agronomic crops and Cyperus
esculentus grown on oxidized and reduced soils contaminated with metal-mining wastes," Environmental Effects
of Dredging Technical Notes Collection (TN EEDP-02-6), U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, MS.
Kaston, B. J., and Kaston, E. (1953). How to know the spiders. William C. Brown, Dubuque, IA.
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