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 ERDC TN-DOER-C27
July 2002
for onsite or offsite disposal. The disposal volume of the fine fraction relative to the disposal volume
for the bulk material represents the volume savings to be realized. Where material is to be
transported offsite, weight reduction may be the controlling parameter. Volume reduction esti-
mates can be refined with bench- or pilot-scale process testing. A fractional bulking factor was
developed to facilitate quantitative estimation of volume reduction potential based on initial and
final material properties derived from such testing. This is potentially useful in comparative process
evaluations, such as different dewatering techniques, and may form the basis for cost justification
of one process over another.
Define in situ volume VTi as follows:
(7)
VTi = Vsi + VFi + VVi
where
VTi = volume total, in situ or initial
Vsi = volume sand, in situ or initial
VFi = volume fines, in situ or initial
VVi = volume voids, in situ or initial
Define dewatered sediment volume VTf (final total volume) as follows:
VTf = ( - xv )Vsi + VFi + VVf
(8)
1
where
xv = efficiency of sand removal, by volume
VVf = volume voids, final
Define the overall bulking factor as
VTf
b=
(9)
VTi
Expressing material volumes in terms of mass and density, the bulking factor can be expressed in
terms of initial and final material properties, which are readily measured before and after processing.
The derivation of this factor is described in Appendix A, and yields the following expression:
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