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ERDC TN-DOER-R6
December 2004
A number of different materials may potentially be employed as liner components. In general, clean
dredged material, due to its characteristic fine-grained nature and low permeability, may often serve
as a highly adequate material for liner systems.
The cost of using clean dredged material as the primary or sole liner material is generally lower than
alternatives involving more engineered systems. The designer should consider a number of material
alternatives in the initial feasibility study to ensure that the most economical, yet environmentally
sound, options are selected.
POINTS OF CONTACT: For additional information, contact Dr. Paul R. Schroeder, (601-634-3709,
Paul.R.Schroeder@erdc.usace.army.mil) or the program manager of the Dredging Operations and
Environmental  Research  Program,  Dr.  Robert  M.  Engler,  (601-634-3624,  Robert.M.Engler
@erdc.usace.army.mil). This technical note should be cited as follows:
LeBoeuf, E. J., Thackston, E. L., Schroeder, P. R., and Palermo, M. R. (2004). "Liner design
guidance for confined disposal facility leachate control," DOER Technical Notes Collection
(ERDC TN DOER-R6), U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg,
MS. http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/publications.cfm?Topic=TechNote&Code=doer
REFERENCES
Anderson, D. (1982). "Does landfill leachate make clay liners more permeable?" Civil Engineering 52 (9): 66-69.
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). (1997). "Composite liners improve landfill performance," Civil
Engineering 67 (12): 18-19.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). (1995). "Standard guide for selection of test methods to
determine rate of fluid permeation through geomembranes for specific applications," ASTM D5886-95, West
Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (1997). "Standard guide for screening the clay portion of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) for chemical
compatibility to liquids," ASTM D6147-97, West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (1999a). "Standard specification for nonrigid vinyl chloride plastic film and sheeting," ASTM D1593-99,
West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (1999b). "Standard test method for determining apparent opening size of a geotextile," ASTM D4751-
99a, West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (2000a).  "Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes," ASTM D2487-00, West
Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (2000b). "Standard test method for determination of water (moisture) content of soil by direct heating,"
ASTM D4959-00, West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (2000c). "Standard test method for determining the (in-plane) flow rate per unit width and hydraulic
transmissivity of a geosynthetic using a constant head," ASTM D4716-00, West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (2000d). "Standard test method for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils," ASTM D4318-
00, West Conshohocken, PA.
_______. (2000e). "Standard test method for permeability of granular soils (constant head)," ASTM D2434-
68(2000), West Conshohocken, PA.
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