References - trdoer40179

for a stonefly. The few data that are available indicate that the acute toxicity of

chromium (VI) decreases as hardness and pH increase. The chronic value for

rainbow and brook trout is 264.6 ug/l, and for fathead minnow it is 1.987 ug/l. In

all three fishes, a temporary reduction in growth occurred at low concentrations.

Six chronic tests with five species of daphnia have chronic values that range

from <2.5 to 40 ug/l. Growth of chinook salmon was reduced at 16 ug/l. Green

algae are quite sensitive to chromium (VI).

The ambient water quality criteria for chromium (VI) is dependent upon the

pH and hardness of the water (Federal Register 1998).

References

Eisler, R., and Hennekey, R. J. (1977). "Acute toxicities of cadmium, chromium,

mercury, nickel, and zinc to estuarine fauna," Arch. Environm. Cont. and Tox.

6, 315.

Federal Register. (1998). "USEPA national recommended water quality

criteria," 63(237), Part IV.

Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). (1998). On-line computer database

accessed 1/99.

Olsen, K. R., and Harrel, R. C. (1973). "Effects of salinity on the toxicity of

mercury, copper, and chromium for Rangia cuneata," Contrib. Mar. Science.

17, 9.

Reish, D. J., and Carr, R. S. (1978). "The effect of heavy metals on the survival,

reproduction, development and life cycle of two species of polychaetous

annelids," Mar. Pollut. Bull. 9, 24.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (1980). "Ambient water

quality criteria for chromium," Washington, DC.

D27

Appendix D Toxicological Profiles