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Page Title: Pyrene (Benzo(def)phenanthrene) Cas No. 129-00-0
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Pyrene
(Benzo(def)phenanthrene)
Cas No. 129-00-0
Potential sources and exposure
Pyrene is a PAH. The reader should refer to the general profile on PAHs for
exposure information.
Physical and chemical properties
Property
Value
Molecular weight
202.2 g/mol
2.5 10-6 at 25 oC
Vapor pressure
0.135 mg/L at 25 oC
Water solubility
Koc
38,000 mL/g
log Kow
4.88
5.1 10-6 atm-m3/mol at 25 oC
Henry's Law Constant
Toxicity
Pyrene is considered to be a skin irritant in humans (as cited in IRIS 1992).
Pyrene has produced negative results in most mutagenicity assays (USEPA
1982). IARC (1983) concluded that there is limited evidence that pyrene is
active in short-term mutagenicity assays. Pyrene is classified as a Group D
carcinogen by the USEPA based on the lack of human carcinogenicity data and
inadequate data from animal bioassays.
The RfD for oral exposure to pyrene is 0.03 mg/kg-day, based on the
observation of kidney toxicity in mice that received subchronic dosing with
pyrene by gavage (USEPA 1989 as cited in IRIS 1992). Confidence in the
database is low due to the lack of supporting evidence from other subchronic,
chronic, or developmental/reproductive studies.
Toxicokinetics
Human exposure to pyrene is almost exclusively through ingestion and
inhalation although it can be absorbed through the skin. There are no
pharmacokinetic data for pyrene in humans (USEPA 1980). Because of their
high lipid solubility, PAHs are believed to be distributed throughout the body.
Relative to other tissues, they tend to localize in body fat and fatty tissues.
Pyrene, like other PAHs, is apparently metabolized via the microsomal mixed
function oxidase system in mammals.
D68
Appendix D Toxicological Profiles

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