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 Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................xvi
1--Introduction .................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Background ............................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Purpose and Scope ................................................................................. 1-3
1.3 CDF Contaminant Pathways .................................................................. 1-3
1.4 Applicability........................................................................................... 1-5
1.4.1 Disposal in CDFs.......................................................................... 1-5
1.4.2 This Manual Does Not Address.................................................... 1-5
1.4.3 Relationship to Other Dredged Material Management Efforts ..... 1-6
1.5 Organization and Approach for Evaluations .......................................... 1-7
1.6 Statutory and Regulatory Overview ....................................................... 1-8
1.6.1 Statutory Overview ....................................................................... 1-9
1.6.2 Other Regulatory Considerations................................................ 1-11
1.7 References ............................................................................................ 1-12
2--Structure and Approach of the UTM ............................................................ 2-1
2.1 Tiered Structure for Evaluations and Testing ......................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Tier I ............................................................................................. 2-2
2.1.2 Tier II............................................................................................ 2-2
2.1.3 Tier III .......................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.4 Tier IV .......................................................................................... 2-4
2.1.5 Progressing through the Tiers ....................................................... 2-5
2.1.6 Decisions after Each Tier.............................................................. 2-6
2.1.7 Management Actions .................................................................... 2-6
2.2 Considerations for Risk Assessment ...................................................... 2-7
2.2.1 Overview of Risk Assessment ...................................................... 2-7
2.2.2 Contaminants of Concern ........................................................... 2-10
2.2.3 Receptors of Concern ................................................................. 2-10
2.2.4 Basis of Management Action Decisions ..................................... 2-10
2.3 Fundamentals of Testing and Evaluation ............................................. 2-13
2.3.1 Sampling and Chemical Analysis ............................................... 2-13
2.3.2 Applicable Standards .................................................................. 2-13
2.3.3 Consideration of Mixing/Attenuation/Dispersion Zones ............ 2-14
2.3.4 Control Material ......................................................................... 2-14
2.3.5 Reference Material for Plant and Animal Uptake Evaluations ... 2-15
2.3.6 Statistical Considerations............................................................ 2-17
2.4 References ............................................................................................ 2-17
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