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Page Title: 4.5 Tier IV - Effluent Risk Assessment
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b. The effluent toxicity poses a risk after consideration of mixing, and
management actions should be considered. If management actions
are selected, no further effluent evaluation is necessary.
2. Information is not sufficient to reach a decision regarding effluent
toxicity. The case-specific risk from effluent should be determined in
Tier IV, or management actions as an alternative to further evaluation
should be considered. If management actions are selected, no further
effluent evaluation is necessary.
4.5 Tier IV - Effluent Risk Assessment
4.5.1 Evaluation
Tier IV is intended to answer whatever specific, well-defined technical
questions may remain unanswered after thorough evaluation in earlier tiers. If
earlier tiers are used properly, Tier IV should rarely be necessary.
By the nature of the tiered evaluation approach, any technical questions that
remain unresolved after Tier III can best be answered by a detailed, case-specific
evaluation. By their very nature, detailed case-specific evaluations are not
amenable to the kind of generic guidance that can be presented in a national
manual. They require individual design to address unique technical questions
under site-specific conditions.
The best approach for Tier IV is usually a case-specific risk assessment.
Detailed guidance for conducting risk assessments for CDFs in Tier IV can be
found by Cura, Wickwire, and McArlde (in preparation). The information
generated in Tiers I through III should be used to the maximum extent technically
justified throughout the Tier IV risk assessment.
4.5.2 Tier IV Effluent Decision
After consideration of the Tier IV effluent evaluation results, all relevant
information is available and no further evaluation is possible. One of the
following conclusions is reached.
1. No management actions are required.
2. Management actions should be considered. A decision to implement
management actions for effluent, such as operational modification or
effluent treatment, may require more detailed information prior to design
of such actions.
4.6 Effluent Management Actions
If the testing and associated analysis of the effluent pathway indicates applicable
WQS or toxicity concerns will not be satisfied after consideration of mixing,
appropriate management actions may be considered to reduce effects. These may
4-17
Chapter 4
Effluent During Disposal Operations

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