Table 2. Organisms Included in the ERDC-WES BSAF Database for which PCDD/F BSAFs Were Pooled to Calculate BSAFs and Statistics of Table 3

ERDC TN-DOER-R5

September 2004

few (2 to 4) replicates could be analyzed due to insufficient quantity of material, the results for

most species were consistent among the replicate samples.

Total organic carbon (TOC) in sediment samples was analyzed using EPA method 415.1

(USEPA 1983). The organic carbon in the sample was converted to carbon dioxide by wet

chemical oxidation and the CO2 evolved was measured by infrared on an Oceanographic

International Model 700TM TOC analyzer. Sediment samples were prepared externally using the

ampule method to convert TOC to CO2.

BSAF Derivation. Seven published studies were found in the ERDC BSAF and Lipid Database

reporting BSAFs of benthically coupled organisms for PCDD/F congeners or homologues

(Table 2). Most of the reports were of field studies and most were freshwater regimes. The

freshwater organisms included four species of fish, three species of mussel, and one each of

insect, crayfish, and shrimp. Of the saltwater organisms, two species were clam and two were

crab. Most of the tissues reported were whole body, but two studies reported BSAFs calculated

for ovary and liver in fish and hepatopancreas in crabs. No data were excluded from the

compiled dataset. In all, 97 usable BSAF values were found in the database. In addition to these,

52 BSAF values were added to the dataset from an unpublished report in which the oligochaete,

Lumbriculus variegatus, was exposed in the laboratory for 28 days to sediments from three sites

in Lake Ontario.1 Most of the BSAF information included sample size (n) and an estimate of

variability (usually standard error of the mean). Fractional n's sometimes resulted for the Lake

Ontario BSAFs when n was estimated as the mean of differing sample sizes for the four BSAF

input parameters.

Table 2

Organisms Included in the ERDC-WES BSAF Database for which PCDD/F BSAFs Were Pooled to

Calculate BSAFs and Statistics of Table 3

Species

Type of Organism

Fresh or Salt

Type of Study

Tissue

Reference

Clam

Lab

Whole Body

Pruell et al. (1993)

Macoma nasuta

Clam

Field

Whole Body

Kang et al. (2002)

Corbicula japonica

Crab

Field

Hepatopan.

Schell, Campbell and

Callinectes sapidus

Lowe (1993)

Crab

Field

Hepatopan.

Yunker and Cretney

Cancer magister

(2000)

Crayfish

Field

Whole Body

Currie et al. (2000)

Orconectes virilis

Fish

Field

Ovary

Schell, Campbell and

Ameiurus melas

Lowe (1993)

Fish

Lab

Whole Body

Kuehl et al. (1987)

Cyprinus carpio

Fish

Field

Whole Body

Currie et al. (2000)

Catostomus

commersoni

Fish

Field

Liver

Schell, Campbell and

Ictalurus nebulosus

Lowe (1993)

Insect

Field

Whole Body

Currie et al. (2000)

Hexagenia sp.

Mussel

Field

Whole Body

Marvin et al. (2002)

Dreissena polymorpha

Mussel

Field

Whole Body

Marvin et al. (2002)

Dreissena bugensis

Mussel

Field

Whole Body

Currie et al. (2000)

Pyganodon grandis

Oligochaete

Lab

Whole Body

Pickard (2002)

Lumbriculus

variegatus

Shrimp

Lab

Whole Body

Pruell et al. (1993)

Palaemonetes pugio

Unpublished data.

Scott W. Pickard, CELRB-TD-OT, USACE District, Buffalo, 1776 Niagara Street, Buffalo, NY, 14207, USA,

716-879-4404.